METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE DETERIORATION STATUS IN AN ARRANGEMENT OF SUSPENSION ELEMENTS OF AN ELEVA

专利摘要:
method and device for determining the state of deterioration in an elevator suspension element. The present invention relates to a method for determining deterioration in an elevator suspension element arrangement comprising at least one suspension element (11) containing electrical cables. method comprising: - counting bending cycles applied to the suspension element (11) with counting device (25); - measuring with electrical device (27) electrical characteristic during voltage application; - performing at least one of: (a) determining critical deterioration while monitoring the bending cycles applied to the suspension element (11) and its electrical characteristic; and (b) determine unexpected state of deterioration based on the derivation of actual deterioration based on electrical characteristic, expected state of deterioration based on bending cycles and comparison between actual and expected states of deterioration; - determining at least one of unexpected and critical deterioration states. combination of criteria determining one of the above states in suspension element (11) can increase elevator safety (1) and element life (11).
公开号:BR112017023669B1
申请号:R112017023669-9
申请日:2016-07-28
公开日:2022-01-18
发明作者:Philippe Henneau
申请人:Inventio Ag；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[001] The present invention relates to a method and a device for determining the state of deterioration, in particular the state of deterioration of the carrying capacity, in an arrangement of suspension elements of an elevator.
[002] Elevators typically comprise a cabin and, optionally, a counterweight that can be moved, for example, into an elevator shaft at different levels in order to transport people or items, for example, to several floors of a building. In a common type of elevator, the car and/or counterweight are supported by an arrangement of suspension elements comprising one or more suspension elements. Suspension elements are also sometimes referred to as suspension traction elements or suspension traction means (MTS). A suspension element may be an element capable of carrying heavy loads in a direction of tension and which can be flexed in a direction transverse to the direction of tension. For example, a suspension element can be a rope or a strap. Typically, the suspension elements comprise a plurality of cables. The cables can be made, for example, from a metal such as steel.
[003] During elevator operation, suspension elements need to carry heavy loads and typically they are repeatedly flexed when extending, for example, along a traction sheave, a pulley, a deflection sheave or others types of pulleys. Consequently, a substantial amount of stress is applied to the suspension element arrangement during operation.
[004] However, as elevators can typically be used to transport people over very significant heights, very high level safety requirements must be met. For example, it must be ensured that the arrangement of suspension elements will always be able to guarantee secure support of the cabin and/or counterweight. For such purposes, safety regulations require that any substantial deterioration in the initial carrying capacity of an arrangement of suspension elements be detected so that, for example, countermeasures such as replacement of a defective suspension element of the arrangement of suspension elements suspension, can be taken.
[005] In general, the load carrying capacity of a suspension element can be specified during suspension element design and then may undergo physical testing during completion of suspension element fabrication. Physical tests may comprise, for example, the tensile load of the suspension element and measuring the response of the suspension element to an application of high tensile forces.
[006] However, during the actual operation of the elevator, it may be difficult or even impossible to perform these physical tests. With conventional steel ropes serving as the suspension elements, it has been possible to visually check the condition of a rope. However, in modern suspension elements, load-bearing cables are typically encased in a sheath or matrix and therefore not visible externally. In this way, alternative approaches to determine the load capacity in an arrangement of suspension elements or to determine parameters related to the same have been developed.
[007] For example, detection of failure and wear in the load-bearing element of elevators has been described in EP 1 730 066 B1. A method and apparatus for detecting the degradation of elevator ropes using electrical resistance is described in US 7,123,030 B2. Electrical signal application strategies for monitoring the condition of a load-bearing element of elevators are described in US 2011/0284331 A1 and US 8 424 653 B2. Electrical signal application strategies for monitoring the condition of a load-bearing element of elevators are described in US 2008/0223668 A1 and US 8 011 479 B2. A simplified resistance-based belt-type suspension inspection is described in US 2013/0207668 A1. A belt-like suspension for an elevator system having connecting devices attached thereto is described in WO 2011/098847 A1. A method for detecting wear or failure in a load-bearing element of an elevator is described in WO 2013/135285 A1. Electric signal application strategies for monitoring the condition of a load-bearing element of elevators are described in EP 1 732 837 B1. "Monitoring the Condition of Coated Steel Belts in an Elevator System" was described in a research paper by Huaming Lei et al. in Jornal de Sensores, Volume 2012, Article ID 750261, 5 pages, doi: (digital object identifier) 10.1155/2012/750261. WO 2013/119,203 A1 describes the detection of wear in a coated belt or rope, but disregards bending cycles as they are or the measurement thereof. The description of all such documents is incorporated herein by reference.
[008] Other alternative approaches to detecting a deteriorated state in an arrangement of suspension elements have been proposed by the applicant of the present patent application in earlier US patent applications 62/199,375, US 14/814,558, EP 16 155 357 A1 and EP 16 155,358 A1, which are also incorporated herein by reference. In these specific approaches, although the electrical characteristics of the suspension elements and the cables contained therein are determined, it is not necessary to specifically measure each of the electrical resistances contained in the cables or each magnitude of electrical currents passing through the cables, as instead , it is possible to obtain information about the electrical characteristics of the suspension element by correlating, for example, several electrical measurements with each other and interpreting the results of such a relative correlation. In other words, in these approaches, it may not be necessary to obtain detailed knowledge about absolute values or actual values of resistance, as it may be sufficient to correlate several electrical measurements in order to obtain valuable information about the electrical characteristics of the device. suspension element, information that makes it possible to determine information on the state of deterioration of such suspension element.
[009] In another alternative approach, the state of deterioration of a suspension element is not detected by measuring any physical parameter of the suspension element itself, but by assuming that the suspension element deteriorates over time mainly due to wear that occurs as a result of the flexing of the suspension element. Such an approach is, for example, set out in WO 2010/007112 A1, the description of which is incorporated herein by reference.
[0010] An alternative method and device may be necessary to determine the state of deterioration in an arrangement of suspension elements of an elevator. In particular, this method and device may be necessary to meet high security requirements, simple deployment and/or low cost.
[0011] A first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for determining the state of deterioration in an arrangement of suspension elements of an elevator. The suspension element arrangement comprises at least one suspension element which contains a plurality of electrically conductive cables. The method comprises at least the following steps: - counting the number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element; - determining an electrical characteristic of the suspension element; - performing: (a) determining the state of critical deterioration during monitoring either: the counted number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element and the determined electrical characteristic of the suspension element; and/or (b) the determination of the unexpected state of deterioration based on deriving the actual actual state of deterioration of the suspension element based on the determined electrical characteristic, considering the currently expected state of deterioration which is based on the counted number of bending cycles and comparing the actual actual state of deterioration with the currently expected state of deterioration; e- initiate a defined procedure during the determination of at least one of the critical deterioration state and the unexpected state of deterioration.
[0012] Without restricting the scope of the invention in any way, underlying ideas of embodiments of the invention may be understood to be based on, inter alia, the following identifications and observations:
[0013] On the one hand, in conventional approaches to detecting the deteriorating state of the carrying capacity in an arrangement of suspension elements, such as some of the approaches indicated in the introductory section presented above, the electrical characteristics of cables contained in a suspension element have been considered as indicators for changes in the state of deterioration of the suspension element. In some of the prior art approaches, electrical resistances or other electrical characteristics within the cables were measured, and it was assumed that an increase in such electrical resistances is related to deterioration in the carrying capacity of the suspension element.
[0014] However, it has been found that it can be very difficult or even impossible to sufficiently define accurate quantitative indicators for a critical or unexpected state of deterioration of a suspension element based solely on measuring the electrical characteristics of the suspension element. For example, wear, fatigue and/or corrosion phenomena can slowly deteriorate the suspension element and, in particular, its load capacity. It has been found that deteriorations of the suspension element arising from such stepping effects can be particularly difficult to detect. Although it is assumed that such effects can change, for example, the electrical resistances of the cables of the suspension element, it is almost impossible to determine any unquestionable indicators, such as, for example, maximum values of electrical resistance, which, when exceeded, would necessarily indicate excessive deterioration of the suspension element.
[0015] On the other hand, alternative approaches to determine the state of deterioration of the suspension element solely based on the count of specific deterioration events, such as the count of flexing of the suspension element, may also be considered insufficient to indicate unquestionable excessive deterioration of the suspension element. This is particularly confirmed in view of such approaches being mainly based on wear and deterioration experiments conducted under specific conditions.
[0016] For example, experiments were conducted using a new suspension element directly after its manufacture, in which the suspension element was subjected to substantial mechanical stress through repeated bending and then tested after what number of flexes the suspension element loses, for example, 20% or 40% of its initial load capacity, such loss being considered as excessive deterioration. Based on such experiments, it was then assumed that the suspension element can be flexed at least a specific number of times before it becomes excessively deteriorated to the point where it needs to be, for example, replaced.
[0017] However, as these experiments are generally conducted under specific conditions, in which it is assumed, on the one hand, that the suspension element in its initial state was not deteriorated and in which it is also assumed, on the other hand, that deteriorations within the suspension element occur primarily due to repeated bending of the same, such approaches to determining deterioration generally ignore other influences that may also deteriorate the quality of the suspension element.
[0018] For example, incorrect handling of the suspension element, for example during its transport from a manufacturing site to an installation site and/or during installation of the suspension element at the installation site, can compromise the integrity of the suspension element. For example, a belt serving as a suspension element can be damaged during transport or installation so that the polymeric coating that protects its cables is damaged. Due to this damage, the cables can become, for example, exposed, that is, they can lose the protection of the coating, so that, for example, local corrosion of the exposed cables can significantly deteriorate the quality of the belt.
[0019] In other words, it has been found that the two conventional approaches, i.e. the measurement of electrical characteristics as well as the count of flexing of the suspension element, when considered as a single measurement, may not be able to accurately indicate reliably excessive deterioration of the suspension element.
[0020] Therefore, it is proposed here to combine these conventional approaches in order to provide a more reliable method to determine the state of deterioration in an arrangement of suspension elements. In this method, the number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element is counted as one measurement and, additionally, the electrical characteristics of the suspension element are determined as another measurement.
[0021] A state of critical deterioration can then be determined, for example, when the counted number of bending cycles exceeds a specifically permissible maximum number of bending cycles or when the measured electrical characteristics deviate from the reference characteristics by more than a maximum deviation. admissible.
[0022] Alternatively or additionally, an unexpected state of deterioration can be determined, on the one hand, by deriving the actual actual state of deterioration of the suspension element based on the determined electrical characteristic(s)( s) and, on the other hand, assuming the currently expected state of deterioration based on the counted number of bending cycles and, finally, comparing the actual actual state of deterioration with the currently expected state of deterioration. In other words, it is verified whether or not the currently measured electrical characteristics of the suspension element indicate an actual state of deterioration that coincides with the assumed expected state of deterioration based on the counted number of flexes (i.e. at "operating age"). of the suspension element.
[0023] During the determination of the critical state of deterioration and/or the unexpected state of deterioration, a suitable defined procedure can be, for example, the interruption of the operation of the elevator, through an appropriate modification of its operation, and/or a communication sent to third parties informing them of the critical deterioration state and/or the unexpected state of deterioration.
[0024] In other words, two generally independent indicators are monitored to finally determine whether or not the suspension element is excessively and/or unexpectedly deteriorated so that appropriate measures, such as stopping the elevator from functioning and/or replacing the suspension element suspension and/or the provision of relevant information to the operator or the elevator's service/maintenance team, may be taken.
[0025] In such a combined approach, it can be assumed, on the one hand, that deterioration of the suspension element is mainly caused by repeated bending of the same. Thus, by counting the bending cycles and comparing them, for example, with a maximum permissible number of bending cycles, which has been previously determined on the basis, for example, of intensive experimentation, a well-defined criterion to distinguish between acceptable deteriorations and excessive deteriorations of the suspension element can be provided.
[0026] However, in the combined approach proposed here, it is also taken into account that, generally, such an assumption is only true as long as the suspension element is correctly handled and operated and, for example, does not suffer any data caused by other effects. other than the repeated bending of it. Therefore, in order to also be able to consider such additional deteriorating effects, the electrical characteristics of the suspension element are also determined or measured and additionally taken into account as an extra indicator of excessive deterioration of the suspension element. As described in more detail below, such electrical characteristics can provide reliable indicators of various types of damage to the suspension element, which damage can immediately reduce, for example, the carrying capacity of the suspension element or at least the life of the suspension element. suspension element.
[0027] In other words, in the combined approach proposed here, an acceptable or zero degree of deterioration of the suspension element is generally considered as long as the number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element does not exceed the maximum allowable number. However, such an assumption is only true if the electrical characteristics of the suspension element measured, generally simultaneously with the count of bending cycles, indicate that no specific damage or specific deterioration has occurred in the suspension element. If, however, such specific damages or specific deteriorations are detected on the basis of electrical measurements, they could be considered as indicative of excessive or unexpected deteriorations of the suspension element or, alternatively, they could be considered at least as influencing the state of deterioration of the suspension element so that, for example, the maximum permissible number of bending cycles can be adapted or corrected to a lower value.
[0028] Consequently, using the combined approach proposed here, the reliability of determining an excessive state of deterioration in a suspension element can be significantly improved compared to applying each approach separately. Furthermore, the synergistic effects that can occur when combining two prior art approaches are likely to further enhance the operational safety of the elevator and/or provide economic benefits.
[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the maximum permissible deviation in which the electrical characteristics currently determined may diverge from the reference characteristics is determined taking into account the counted number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element.
[0030] In other words, the maximum allowable deviation by which the currently measured electrical characteristics may diverge from the reference characteristics before being interpreted as indicative of a critically deteriorating state may not necessarily be a fixed number or parameter. Rather, such a maximum permissible deviation can be determined by taking into account how often the suspension element has already been flexed, that is, by taking into account the characteristics of the suspension element regarding its operational "age".
[0031] For example, the measurement of specific electrical characteristics in a relatively new suspension element, which has not yet been significantly deteriorated by its repeated bending, can be interpreted as not yet indicating any critical deterioration state, while the measurement of the The same specific electrical characteristics in a used suspension element, which has already been flexed several times and which, therefore, has significantly deteriorated and is nearing the end of its service life, can be interpreted as indicative of a truly critical state. deterioration in this used suspension element.
[0032] Consequently, the two criteria for determining the state of critical deterioration of the suspension element, i.e. the counted number of bending cycles and the currently measured electrical characteristics, do not necessarily need to be interpreted independently of each other, on the contrary , they may be correlated. Specifically, the counted number of flexings of the suspension element can be taken into account in deciding whether or not the specific electrical characteristics that were measured should be interpreted as indicative of a critically deteriorated state.
[0033] Advantageously, this may result in extending the usefulness of the suspension element since, for example, the act of deciding whether or not a state of critical deterioration exists by determining, for example, that the suspension element must be replaced, may depend on more sophisticated indications. For example, small deviations in the measured electrical characteristics of the suspension element at the beginning of its service life will not necessarily result in an obligation to replace the suspension element, whereas at a later stage in the service life, the same electrical characteristics can be interpreted as an indication of critical deterioration and the need for immediate replacement of the suspension element.
[0034] Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the maximum permissible deviation is fixedly predetermined.
[0035] In other words, the maximum allowable deviation by which the currently measured electrical characteristics can deviate from the reference characteristics can be fixedly defined. For example, such a maximum allowable deviation can be derived from previous experiments. For example, tests or experiments may show that specific damage or critical deterioration of the suspension element typically is accompanied by a change in electrical characteristics such that when the currently measured electrical characteristics of the suspension element change as a function of that specific deviation, this can be interpreted as indicative of this state of critical deterioration.
[0036] The adoption of fixedly predetermined maximum permissible deviations can be implemented in a simple way, such as, for example, storing corresponding deviation values in a memory contained in a device adapted to perform the monitoring method proposed here.
[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the maximum permissible number of bending cycles is determined taking into account the currently determined electrical characteristics of the suspension element.
[0038] In other words, similarly to the modality explained above, the two determination criteria can be interpreted as factors that influence each other. In this case, the maximum permissible number by which the suspension element can be flexed before the presumed end of its useful life due to excessive deterioration of the same may not be a fixed number, and may instead depend on the currently measured electrical characteristics of the suspension element. suspension element.
[0039] For example, when the measured electrical characteristics indicate that the suspension element is in a very good state even though it is already quite old and has been flexed several times, this information can be used to increase the maximum allowable number of flexes so that the suspension element may have a longer operating life than a suspension element whose measured electrical characteristics already indicate some significant but not yet critical deterioration.
[0040] Consequently, the life of the suspension element can be better adapted to its actual deteriorating conditions, and therefore the suspension elements can potentially be used for a longer period of time without the increased risk of failure.
[0041] Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the maximum permissible number of bends is fixedly predetermined.
[0042] Such a fixedly predetermined maximum number can be derived, for example, from previous experiments or tests. The stipulated number can be easily stored, for example, in a device memory for repeated subsequent comparisons with the currently counted number of bending cycles.
[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reference characteristics with which the currently determined electrical characteristics can be compared are determined based on the measurement of the electrical characteristics of the suspension element in an undamaged condition.
[0044] In other words, to determine whether the measured electrical characteristics indicate a state of critical deterioration of the suspension element, the currently measured electrical characteristics must be compared with reference electrical characteristics that were measured in a state in which the suspension element does not was deteriorated, that is, for example, directly after the manufacturing and testing stages of the suspension element. Consequently, by comparing the electrical characteristics currently measured with the original electrical characteristics of the suspension element, it can be determined whether or not these electrical characteristics have changed significantly and deviated from the original electrical characteristics by more than one permissible deviation. By specifically comparing the electrical characteristics currently measured with undamaged characteristics, it can be determined, for example, whether the suspension element has been significantly damaged during, for example, the transport, storage and/or installation phase of the same. .
[0045] As used herein, the term "bending cycles" can be understood, for example, as referring to a process of bending at least a portion of the suspension element in a direction transverse to its longitudinal direction. For example, the suspension element is flexed as it extends along a traction sheave or a pulley. A bending cycle can be interpreted as resulting from at least a portion of the suspension element bending in a bending direction and then retracting it. Each forward and backward bending often significantly stresses the suspension element and induces wear effects.
[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the suspension element is subdivided into several sections, and a number of bending cycles per section applied to each section of the suspension element is counted for each of the sections. The number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element is then set to correspond to the maximum total number of bending cycles per section counted for each of the suspension element sections.
[0047] In other words, preferably, the bending cycles of the suspension element are not simply counted by considering the place where the suspension element is flexed. On the contrary, it is considered that the suspension element must be subdivided into a multiplicity of sections and then determined in which sections the suspension element has been flexed. Bending cycles are counted in each of the sections separately. For example, some sections of the suspension element flex more frequently during typical elevator operation than other sections. This could be, for example, due to the fact that an elevator car is more often moved to specific floors, such as the ground floor, than to other locations.
[0048] Therefore, the number of bending cycles considered as an indication that a state of critical deterioration has been caused is not necessarily equal to the number of bending applied to the suspension element in its entirety, but corresponds to the number of bending applied to the section of the suspension element that has been flexed most frequently.
[0049] Consequently, as the number of flexes applied to each of the various sections of the suspension element is typically less than the total number of flexes applied to the suspension element as a whole, the life of the suspension element can be significantly extended. and still guarantee a high level of operational safety, since the state of critical deterioration of the suspension element can be determined as a result of its "weakest section". That is, the critically deteriorated state of the suspension element is determined based on the counted number of flex cycles applied to the section that has flexed most frequently.
[0050] A similar approach has been described by the applicant of the present patent application in patent applications and/or WO 2010/007112 A1 and EP 2 303 749 B1, which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference. Specifically, it is worth noting that protection is given or can be sought also for such characteristics described in these patent applications and/or previous patents and that such characteristics can contribute to achieving the technical objectives of the modalities of the present invention and, therefore, , may be contained in the solution of the underlying technical problem of the invention, which is the subject of the present patent application. In particular, such features may implicitly pertain to the description of the invention contained in the present patent application as filed and, consequently, to the contents of the patent application as filed. Such characteristics are precisely defined and identifiable within the overall technical information contained in the reference documents.
[0051] In a significantly simplified approach, the number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element can be set to a value equal to the number of trips made by the elevator in one direction of motion before reversing in the direction of motion. It was then assumed that during each trip, the suspension element is flexed at least in some of its sections, for example, as a function of being guided along a traction sheave or pulley. The same sections can only be flexed again if the direction of motion of the elevator is reversed at a later time interval and if the sections are guided again along the pulley traction sheave. In other words, in such a simplified approach, the number of bending cycles can be considered to be related to the number of times the elevator moves direction reversal during its operation.
[0052] Such an approach can be particularly easy to implement, since several elevators comprise a trip counter so that the number of flexes of the suspension element can easily be considered as corresponding to the number of trips counted by the trip counter. However, such an approach does not take into account that, generally, during each trip only some, but not all, of the suspension element sections will be flexed. Consequently, such a simplified approach will, in general, result in consideration of a state of critical deterioration in advance compared to using the more sophisticated approach described above. suspension comprises at least one of: - electrical measurements indicating that at least one cable of the suspension element is broken; - electrical measurements indicating that an electrical connection between a voltage supply used for the application of electrical voltage to at least one of the cables and at least one of the cables has been interrupted; - electrical measurements indicating that at least one cable of the suspension element is electrically connected to the earth wire; - electrical measurements indicating that at least two cables of the suspension element are shortened; - electrical measurements indicating that the electrical conductivity along at least one of the cables of the mute suspension element u over time.
[0053] In other words, the step to measure the electrical characteristics of the suspension element may comprise one or more different types of electrical measurements, each type referring to a specific type of deterioration or damage that possibly occurs within a suspension element.
[0054] For example, electrical measurements may indicate that at least one of the cables contained in the suspension element is broken. In this case, the electrical connection along the broken cable is usually interrupted, which can be easily detected, for example, by applying an electrical voltage test at the end of said cable and detecting the resulting voltage, for example, in the opposite end of the suspension element. One or more broken cables in a suspension element typically represents a severe deterioration in the load carrying capacity of the suspension element.
[0055] As an additional example, electrical measurements can be used to test whether the voltage supply used for applying electrical voltage to at least one cable is still correctly connected to the respective cable or whether an interruption in the electrical supply has occurred. Although such an interruption is not necessarily indicative of a critical deterioration in the load capacity of the suspension element, it can still represent a critically deteriorated state of the elevator, as due to such an interruption, no significant measurement of the electrical characteristics can be made. on the suspension element. Therefore, detection of such an unconnected voltage supply or an electrical interruption may be necessary to preserve the safety of the elevator.
[0056] As a third example, electrical measurements may indicate that at least one of the cables contained in the suspension element is electrically connected to the ground wire. Such a connection to the ground wire can typically occur as a result of damage to the sheath surrounding the cables. Due to this damage, one or more cables may be locally exposed and therefore may come into contact with, for example, electrically grounded pulleys or pulleys or other components present within an elevator arrangement. Consequently, during detection of any electrical grounding of one or more cables, it can be assumed that, for example, the coating of the suspension element is damaged, such damage resulting, at a possibly immediate or future time, in deterioration of the suspension element. .
[0057] As a fourth example, electrical measurements may indicate that at least two cables of the suspension element are electrically connected to each other, that is, they are shortened. Such electrical shortening can typically occur during insulation of portions of the sheath between neighboring cables that are damaged. Consequently, the detection of such electrical shortenings can be regarded as indicative of damage to the coating, which could potentially result in deterioration of the suspension element.
[0058] As a final example, electrical measurements may indicate that the electrical conductivity along at least one of the cables contained in the suspension element has changed over time, i.e. it no longer matches the electrical conductivity along the cables. in its initial state. Such changes in electrical connectivity may result from changes in other physical characteristics of the cables, such as generalized or localized corrosion of the cables. Consequently, changes in electrical conductivity may indirectly indicate changes in these other physical characteristics, which may then be correlated with a state of critical deterioration, in particular, with a reduction in the carrying capacity of the suspension element.
[0059] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the determination of electrical characteristics comprises at least one of: - determining the electrical resistivity along the suspension element; - determining the electrical conductivity along the suspension element; - determining the inductivity along the suspension element; - determine electrical characteristics using magnetic measurements applied to the suspension element, and - determine electrical characteristics using phase measurements applied to the suspension element.
[0060] For example, prior art approaches, such as those mentioned in the introductory section, teach that a state of deterioration of a suspension element can be determined at least qualitatively or even quantitatively based on the measurement of electrical resistances along the cables. of the suspension element. Consequently, by, for example, measuring such electrical resistances, it can be determined whether a state of critical deterioration has occurred in the suspension element, for example due to continuous wear, so that, for example, the suspension element must be replaced even before a permissible number of bending cycles has been reached. Alternatively, by measuring, for example, such electrical resistances, it can be verified whether an expected state of deterioration of the suspension element, which is assumed only on the basis of the operational age of the suspension element, i.e. the number of bending cycles applied to it, corresponds to the actual state of deterioration as derived from the electrical characteristics, that is, in this case, from the electrical resistance measured.
[0061] According to an embodiment of the present invention, during the measurement of electrical characteristics, an indicative electrical current In correlated with the net sum of all phases of a multiphase alternating current is measured, in which at least one of the phases of the current is measured. multiphase alternating circuit is applied to one of the cables of the suspension element.
[0062] According to a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the measurement of the electrical characteristics of the suspension element comprises: - providing a multiphase alternating current circuit that includes multiple electrically conductive legs; - applying at least one phase of an alternating current multiphase to at least one of the cables of the suspension element that is electrically connected to one of the legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit;- applying at least another phase of the multiphase alternating current to at least one other cable of the suspension element and to at least one separate resistor that is electrically connected to at least one other leg of the multiphase alternating current circuit, in which a peak current in each phase is changed by a phase angle with respect to a peak current in another phase; - measuring the electrical current indicator In which is at least one of: the net sum of all phases of multiphase alternating current and a current electrical deviation along a neutral wire which is connected in parallel with the multiphase alternating current circuit; - determine the electrical characteristics measured in the suspension element based on the current measured in the electrical indicator.
[0063] In short, an underlying idea of this modality of inventive method can be summarized as follows: One or more of the cables of a suspension element can form part of a multiphase alternating current circuit by means of its connection preferably in series with at least least one of the legs of such a multiphase alternating current circuit. Consequently, at least one phase of a multiphase alternating current is routed along that leg (or legs) and therefore flows through the respective cable(s). One or more different phases of the same multiphase alternating current are routed along other leads of the same suspension elements or other suspension elements of the suspension element arrangement, or are routed along one or more separate resistors via the connection of these other cables or electrically separated resistors with at least one other leg of the multiphase alternating current circuit. In this case, the term "resistor" can be interpreted as representing any type of electrical load, which includes, for example, load with electrical impedance. In other words, at least one of the phases of the multiphase alternating current flows through a portion of the suspension element arrangement applied to at least one of its cables, while at least another phase may also flow through the cables of the suspension element arrangement. or it can be routed across separate resistors. In such a multiphase arrangement, the phases of the multiphase alternating current flow through the various legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit with a specific phase relationship. Generally, the physical characteristics of the suspension element directly result in changes in its electrical characteristics, i.e. changes in the electro-physical characteristics, for example, in the cables of the suspension element, can derive, for example, from a change in the diameter of the cables, any shorts or shunt resistances, breaks, etc. Generally, if the physical characteristics of the suspension element and the electrical characteristics referring to those physical characteristics change over time, the phase relationship in a multiphase alternating current also changes. The change in such a phase relationship can be measured relatively easily. In one approach, such a phase ratio shift can be determined by measuring an indicator electrical current that results from the net sum of all phases of the multiphase alternating current. Such a net sum depends directly on the phase relationship between the various phases, so that changes in electrical current from the net sum allow the derivation of information about the electrical characteristics and, therefore, about the state of deterioration of the load capacity of the arrangement of suspension elements. As an alternative to measuring the net sum of all phases of the multiphase alternating current, a bypass electrical current, which passes through a neutral wire connected in parallel with the multiphase alternating current circuit, can be measured. Such a bypass current passing through the neutral wire directly depends on the various phase currents flowing through the legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit. Therefore, a change in such a shunt current can also allow the derivation of information about the electrical characteristics and therefore about the deteriorating state of the load capacity in the arrangement of suspension elements. None of these measurements require any direct or indirect measurement of resistances within the cables of a suspension element, as measuring just an indicator electrical current is sufficient.
[0064] In particular, according to one embodiment, the state of deterioration or the electrical characteristics referring to such a state of deterioration can be determined based on a deviation of the measured current of the electrical indicator from a reference current value.
[0065] For example, an initial value of the measured current of the indicator can be determined during the installation of the arrangement of suspension elements on the elevator in an undamaged state and such initial value can be considered as the reference current value. Alternatively, such a reference current value can be determined based on other measurements, calculations and/or assumptions. During elevator operation, the same or a corresponding current of the indicator can be measured with the multiphase alternating current circuit described here. If the subsequently measured electrical indicator current deviates substantially from the reference current value, this can be regarded as indicative of a deterioration in the carrying capacity of the suspension element.
[0066] In particular, according to one embodiment, a state of critical deterioration or the electrical characteristics referring to such a state of deterioration can be detected in the measured current of the electrical indicator that diverges from the reference current value by more than one difference of default value.
[0067] In other words, the specific value difference can be predetermined. For example, physical tests can be done in order to obtain information on how the electrical characteristics of the cables of a suspension element change under physical voltage, and current values can be determined based on these physical tests. From such preceding experiments, the predetermined value difference can be derived so that, in a subsequent normal operation of the elevator, the electrical current indicative of its deteriorating state can be measured repeatedly or continuously and a critical deterioration state. can be considered as soon as changes in this measured indicator current exceed the predetermined value difference. Upon detection of such a critically deteriorated state, countermeasures, such as, for example, replacement of the respective suspension element, can be initiated.
[0068] According to one embodiment, the indicator current In is measured using a measuring arrangement comprising a measuring device for non-contact measuring an electrical current in an arrangement of conductors. A measuring device can be, for example, a current transformer or a Hall-effect current sensor.
[0069] A possible option to measure an electrical current without contact is to rely on induction. Each electric current in an array of conductors generates a magnetic field and changes the current result in variations in the magnetic field which can then be used to inductively couple the array of conductors, in which the electrical current to be measured flows with an array of conductors. of a measuring device. Measuring an electrical current without contact makes measurement very simple. For example, there need not be any direct physical connection between a measuring device and the conductor arrangement. Rather, a measuring device may be arranged slightly spaced from the arrangement of conductors in which the electrical current to be measured flows and/or may be electrically isolated therefrom.
[0070] In a specific embodiment, the electrical current can be measured using a measuring device that is a current transformer or a Hall effect current sensor. Both the current transformer and the Hall-effect current sensor can measure electrical current in an arrangement of conductors without physical contact. For example, a secondary winding for a current transformer may be arranged adjacent to or around the arrangement of conductors in which the electrical current to be measured flows so that changes in electrical current induce an electrical current within the secondary winding. Consequently, the electrical current in the conductor arrangement can be measured by calculating the current in the secondary winding without, therefore, direct electrical contact with the conductor arrangement.
[0071] According to one embodiment, a measuring device, that is, the current transformer (CT) or the Hall-effect current sensor, is arranged in the multiphase alternating current circuit or in the neutral wire connected in parallel to such circuit. In this context, "arranged" means that a measuring device is placed close enough to the multiphase alternating current circuit or neutral wire so that the indicator current flowing through one of these components can be measured contactlessly through, for example, , inductively coupled.
[0072] For example, a ring forming the secondary winding of the current transformer can delimit all legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit so that the net sum of all phases of the multiphase alternating current transmitted through that circuit can be measured. In such an arrangement, a single secondary winding arrangement can delimit all legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit. Alternatively, the current transformer secondary winding arrangement may comprise several separate subwinding arrangements, each subwinding arrangement delimiting one of the legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit.
[0073] Alternatively, a secondary winding of the current transformer can delimit the neutral wire. Since current is induced in this neutral wire during any changes in the phase relationship between the phases of the multiphase alternating current flowing through the various legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit, the arrangement of the current transformer in the neutral wire by means of, for example, , from the junction of the neutral wire with the secondary winding of the CT can make it possible to measure the electrical current of the indicator indicative of any changes in the phase ratios of the multiphase alternating current circuit.
[0074] According to one embodiment, the multiphase alternating current circuit is provided in a Wye configuration. Such a Wye configuration is also sometimes referred to as a Y-configuration or a star configuration.
[0075] The Wye configuration for the multiphase ac circuit can be beneficial in being able to provide common neutral points on the supply side and load side of the multiphase ac circuit so that a neutral wire can be provided through connection with these neutral points. In such a neutral wire, the indicator electric current can be measured particularly easily.
[0076] However, it is worth noting that three-phase alternating current circuits can have either a Wye configuration or a delta configuration (Δ configuration) and that any Wye configuration can be reset to result in a delta configuration, and vice versa. It is also worth noting that alternating and multiphase circuits can be arranged with any number of phase circuit legs or branches, in which electrical power is applied to each branch of the phase circuit and alternating voltage is applied along all branches of the phase circuit. phase circuit can also have a distinct phase angle at any time interval.
[0077] According to one embodiment, the neutral wire is connected between common points of a supply side of the multiphase alternating current circuit and a load side of the multiphase alternating current circuit, respectively. In a neutral wire connected to these common points on the supply side and on the load side, the electric current flowing through the neutral wire varies upon any change in the phase relationship of the multiple phases of the currents flowing through the various legs of the voltage circuit. multiphase alternating current. In multiphase power generation systems, the current flowing between the neutral point of the multiphase power source and the neutral point of the electrical loads on each phase is commonly called unbalanced load current.
[0078] According to an embodiment, each of the phases of the multiphase alternating current is applied to at least one of the cables of the suspension element.
[0079] In other words, preferably none of the phases of the multiphase alternating current is routed only along a separate resistor, as this separate resistor is not part of the suspending element. Instead, it may be preferable to transfer each of the phases of the multiphase alternating current at least partially to one of the cables of one or more suspension elements of the suspension element arrangement.
[0080] Consequently, in such an arrangement, for example, temperature variations resulting from the variation of the electrical characteristics of the cables may not significantly alter the phase relationship of the various phases of the multiphase alternating current along the legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit. since each cable, and therefore each of the strands, is subject to substantially equal temperature variations, so the electrical characteristics change in the same way in all strands and therefore will at least partially be compensated for.
[0081] According to one embodiment, in an initial state before decay, the electrical resistances within each of the legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit are adapted to be substantially equal.
[0082] In other words, the multiphase alternating current circuit and, in particular, the manner in which the cables of the suspension element(s) are included in such a circuit can be designed so that substantially equal electrical resistances are included in each leg of the multiphase alternating current circuit. Due to these equal resistances, initially a balanced current distribution along all legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit can be obtained.
[0083] If, for example, the electrical resistances provided through the inclusion of one or more conductive cables of the suspension element(s) within one or more legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit are significantly divergent between the various legs of the circuit, additional separate resistors may be included in one or each of the legs to specifically match the total resistance along one or each of the legs.
[0084] In this case, it may be sufficient to choose such additional resistors so that the total resistance along each of the circuit legs is substantially equal. It is worth emphasizing that it is not necessary to know the absolute values of the resistances of such additional resistors, since it is enough to adapt the addition of these resistors so that the phases of the multiphase alternating current are applied to the cables, or to the legs that comprise the cables, respectively, of a evenly distributed way.
[0085] With this initial state and with the phases of the multiphase alternating current being evenly distributed along all the various legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit, an initial configuration can be obtained, in which the net sum current of all the phases of the multiphase alternating current as well as a potential deviation electrical current along a neutral wire will be substantially equal to zero. Consequently, with repeated measurements of one of these indicator currents during subsequent elevator operation, any deviation in the value of the indicator current from this initial zero value can easily indicate a change in the phase relationship between the phases along all legs of the elevator. circuit and, therefore, a change in the state of deterioration of the arrangement of suspension elements.
[0086] According to one embodiment, several cables of the suspension element are connected in a parallel arrangement and/or in a series arrangement or through a combination of the two. In other words, several cables of the same suspension element, or cables of different suspension elements, can be connected in parallel to each other, in series or some cables can be connected in series with each other and some cables of this connection in series can be connected in parallel to each other. Each of the parallel or series arrangements or combinations thereof can have their own advantages, as described in more detail below.
[0087] According to a further embodiment, the arrangement of suspension elements comprises a plurality of suspension elements, and the cables of one suspension element are connected in a parallel arrangement and/or in a series arrangement to the cables of another element. of suspension. Again, either the parallel arrangement or the series arrangement or a combination thereof can have their specific advantages as described in more detail below.
[0088] According to one embodiment, the phases of the multiphase alternating current are supplied with a regular phase shift in relation to each other. For example, multiphase alternating current may comprise two phases offset by 180° from each other. In another example, multiphase alternating current may comprise three phases offset by 120° from each other. A regular deviation between the phases of multiphase alternating current can contribute to a balanced current distribution along all legs of the multiphase alternating current circuit.
[0089] Further details of such an approach and its modalities have been described by the applicant of the present patent application in previous patent and/or patent applications US 62/199,375 and US 14/814,558, which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference. Specifically, it is worth noting that protection may also be granted or requested for such characteristics described in these patent applications and/or previous patents and that such characteristics may contribute to achieving the technical objective of the modalities of the present invention and may, therefore, , be contained in the solution of the underlying technical problem of the invention, which is the subject of the present patent application. In particular, such features may by implication pertain to the description of the invention contained in the present patent application as filed and thus to the contents of the patent application as filed. Such characteristics are precisely defined and identifiable within the overall technical information contained in the reference documents.
[0090] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the suspension element has a first and a second group of electrically conductive cables. In this case, the measurement of the electrical characteristics comprises:- applying a first alternating voltage U1 to a first end of the first group of cables of the suspension element;- applying a second alternating voltage U2 to a first end of the second group of cables of the suspension element; suspension; - which the first and second alternating voltages have equal waveforms and a phase difference of 180°; - determine at least one of: (i) a summed voltage U+ correlated with a sum (U3 + U4) of a third voltage U3 between a second end of the first group of cables and a common electrical potential, and a fourth voltage U4 between a second end of the second group of cables and the common electrical potential; (ii) a differential voltage U- correlated with a difference between the third voltage U3 and the fourth voltage U4;- determine the electrical characteristics of the suspension element based on at least one of the summed voltage U+ and the differential voltage U-.
[0091] Preferably, the second end of the first group of cables and the second end of the second group of cables are electrically connected via an electrical connection resistor (R5).
[0092] Preferably, the deterioration state is determined based on both the summed voltage U+ and the differential voltage U.
[0093] Preferably, any deviation from a state in which the summed voltage U+ comprises no alternating voltage component U+,AC and the differential voltage U- comprises an alternating voltage component U-,CA is interpreted as indicative from a deterioration in the arrangement of suspension elements.
[0094] Without restricting the scope of the invention in any way, underlying ideas of this modality of inventive method can be understood as being based, among others, on the following identifications and observations:
[0095] In conventional approaches to detect a deteriorating state (or electrical characteristics indicating the same) of the carrying capacity in an arrangement of suspension elements, such as some of the approaches indicated in the introductory section presented earlier, the electrical characteristics of the cables contained in a suspension element were considered as indicators for changes in the state of deterioration. Electrical resistances within the cables were generally measured and an increase in such electrical resistances was considered to indicate deterioration in the carrying capacity of the suspension element.
[0096] However, such electrical resistance measurements, or alternatively impedance measurements, may require substantial efforts in terms of, for example, measurement devices, measurement analysis devices, circuitry, etc. For example, electrical resistances must be included, measured and compared within the circuit comprising the cables of a suspension element to thus enable quantitative measurements of the electrical resistance or impedance of the cables.
[0097] It has been found that the measurement of electrical resistance/conductivity of cables, particularly the quantitative measurement of such characteristics, is not necessary to obtain sufficient information on the state of deterioration of the carrying capacity in a suspension element. in order to ensure the safe operation of an elevator.
[0098] Therefore, as an alternative approach to conventional methods and devices, it is proposed not necessarily to measure any electrical resistance, resistivity or impedance within the conductive cables of a suspension element in a direct way, but to provide a method and a device that allow the derivation of sufficient information about a state of deterioration by measuring one or more electrical voltages that at least relate to the correlation of electrical voltages occurring at the ends of two groups of cables of the suspension element when alternating voltages are applied to the ends opposite directions of these two cable groups.
[0099] In such an alternative approach, the electrical resistances, resistivities or impedances also do not need to be known quantitatively on an absolute scale nor in a relative way. Instead, it may be sufficient to simply measure electrical voltages, particularly the sums of electrical voltages and/or differences in electrical voltages without having any detailed knowledge of the actual resistances, resistivities, and/or impedances present along the element leads. of suspension.
[00100] In short, an underlying idea of the inventive method can be summarized as follows:
[00101] The cables comprised in a suspension element can be divided into two groups of cables. Preferably, both groups comprise the same number of cables. More preferably, a first group may comprise all cables in an even number and a second group may comprise all cables in an odd number, so that each cable of one of the groups is disposed between two neighboring cables of the other group of cables ( except, of course, for the two cables arranged on the outer edges of the suspension element).
[00102] Then the alternating voltages U1, U2 are applied to a respective first end of each of the cable groups using an alternating voltage generating arrangement. The alternating voltages U1, U2 comprise an alternating voltage (AC) component in which the voltage varies periodically between a minimum value Umin and a maximum value Umax. Furthermore, the alternating voltages U1, U2 may comprise a forward voltage (DC) component UCD. The alternating voltage generating arrangement may comprise two separate alternating voltage generators G1, G2 which are specifically synchronized with each other. Alternatively, the alternating voltage generating arrangement may comprise a single alternating voltage generator G which contains a forward output and a reverse output so as to provide the two necessary alternating voltages U1, U2. In this case, it may be important that the waveforms of both alternating voltages U1, U2 are substantially the same, that is, that the divergence of one with respect to the other is less than the acceptable tolerance, such tolerance being, for example, smaller than 5% or preferably less than 2%. Furthermore, the alternating voltage generating arrangement must generate the two alternating voltages U1, U2 with a phase shift of substantially 180°, particularly with a phase shift of 180° ± and an acceptable tolerance, for example, less than 5 %, preferably less than 2%.
[00103] Next, at least one voltage measurement is performed using at least one voltage measurement arrangement. Specifically, the voltage called here "summed voltage" U+ and/or the voltage called here "differential voltage" U- is determined. Both the "summed voltage" U+ and the "differential voltage" U- can be measured at least with their alternating voltage components U+,AC, U-,AC, but preferably both with their alternating voltage components U+ ,AC, U-,CA and with its forward voltage component U+,CD, U-,CD. In the alternating voltage components U+,CA, U-,CA, both the amplitude and the phase can be determined. As will be described below, valuable information on the deterioration state of the suspension element can derive, in particular, from the phase information included in the measurement of at least one of the alternating voltage components U+,CA, U-,CA.
[00104] In this case, the summed voltage U+ is correlated in a predetermined way with the sum (U3 + U4) of a third voltage (U3) and a fourth voltage (U4), while the differential voltage U- is correlated in a way. predetermined mode with the difference (U3 - U4) between the third voltage (U3) and the fourth voltage (U4). The third voltage (U3) occurs between the second end of the first group of cables and a common electrical potential, such as, for example, a ground potential. The fourth voltage (U4) occurs between the second end of the second group of cables and the common electrical potential, such as, for example, the ground potential.
[00105] The summed voltage U+ and the differential voltage U- can be directly the sum (U3 + U4) and difference (U3 - U4), respectively. Alternatively, the summed voltage U+ can be proportionally correlated with this sum (U3 + U4), that is, it can be a multiple of this sum, such as, for example, (U3 + U4)/2. Similarly, the differential voltage U- can be proportionally correlated with the difference (U3 - U4), that is, it can be a multiple of this difference. As another alternative, the voltage measurement arrangement can measure the voltages (U1), (U2) occurring at the first opposite ends of both groups of cables and can determine a sum (U1 + U2) and/or a difference (U1 - U2) or a multiple of that sum/difference which, due to the fact that (U1), (U2) occur in the same circuit as (U3), (U4), is unambiguously correlated with the sum (U3 + U4) and with the difference (U3 - U4), respectively.
[00106] Information on the state of deterioration of the suspension element or on the electrical characteristics referring to it may be derived from at least one of: (i) a phase determination in the alternating voltage components U+,CA, U-, AC, the summed voltage U+ and/or the differential voltage U-,(ii) an amplitude determination on the alternating voltage components U+,AC, U-,CA, the summed voltage U+ and/or the differential voltage U-, and (iii) a value determination in the forward voltage components U+,CD, U-,CD, of the summed voltage U+ and/or of the differential voltage U-.
[00107] In a normal state, in which there is no deterioration in the suspension element cables, both the third and fourth voltages U3, U4 must directly accompany the applied alternating voltages U1, U2, i.e. the same phase, but with a reduced amplitude, and must therefore have the same amplitude but with a phase shift of 180° so that the summed voltage U+ is a constant forward voltage (CD) (i.e. U+,CA = 0) and the differential voltage U- is an alternating voltage (AC) (ie U-,AC#0) with twice the amplitude of the third and fourth voltages U3, U4.
[00108] However, when any deterioration occurs in the cables of the suspension element, such as one or more local breaks in the cables, significant corrosion in the cables, defects in the electrically insulating covering that electrically surrounds and separates neighboring cables (such defects potentially resulting in shorts between neighboring cables and/or electrical connections the ground wire of some cables) etc., the summed voltage U+ and/or the differential voltage U- usually changes significantly. Such changes can be detected and then interpreted as indicative of specific types and/or degrees of deterioration in the suspension element.
[00109] For example, an increase in electrical resistance due, for example, to corrosion or even a break in one of the cables will significantly change the respective third and fourth voltages U3, U4 that occur at the second end of the respective group of cables including the deteriorated cable. Consequently, due to this voltage change, for example, the forward voltage (CD) is no longer measured for the summed voltage U+.
[00110] Further deterioration in the suspension element and/or its cables generally results in further deviations of the summed voltage U+ and/or the differential voltage U- from their initial "normal" behavior, as will be described in more detail below .
[00111] Consequently, during the application of the first and second voltages with phase shift and equal waveforms at the first ends of two groups of cables, valuable information about the current deterioration state in the suspension element of the suspension element arrangement can be derived by measuring the third and fourth voltages U3, U4 within or between the second ends of both groups of cables (or measuring any multiple of them or any voltages correlated therewith) and correlating them as the sum ( eg U3 + U4) and/or the difference (eg U3 - U4).
[00112] As will be described below, additional information about a specific type, degree, and/or location of occurrence of deterioration can be derived when measurements of both the summed voltage U+ and the differential voltage U- are taken into account.
[00113] One advantage possibly obtainable with the approach described here is that, unlike most prior art approaches, no direct electrical current (DC) is applied to the cables of a belt, but alternating currents (AC). The application of such alternating currents can significantly reduce the risk of any electrocorrosion of the cables.
[00114] Further details of the modalities of the above approach have been described by the applicant of the present patent application in previous patent applications and/or patents, EP 16 155 357 A1 and EP 16 155 358 A1, which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference. Specifically, it is worth noting that protection may also be granted or requested for such characteristics described in these patent applications and/or previous patents and that such characteristics may contribute to achieving the technical objective of the modalities of the present invention and may, therefore, , be contained in the solution of the underlying technical problem of the invention, which is the subject of the present patent application. In particular, such features may by implication pertain to the description of the invention contained in the present patent application as filed and thus to the contents of the patent application as filed. Such characteristics are precisely defined and identifiable within the overall technical information contained in the reference documents.
[00115] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a monitoring arrangement to determine the state of deterioration of, for example, the load carrying capacity in an arrangement of suspension elements of an elevator is proposed. The suspension element comprises a plurality of electrically conductive cables. The monitoring arrangement is configured to perform a method according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention described above.
[00116] In particular, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring arrangement may comprise:- a counting device, which is configured to count the number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element based on information obtained from an elevator control device used to control the operation of the elevator; - an electrical measuring device, which is electrically connected to at least one of the cables of the suspension element and which is configured to measure the electrical characteristic of the suspension element during the application of electrical voltage to at least one of the cables; a determining device, which is configured to determine at least one of: (a) a state of critical deterioration of the suspension element (23) during monitoring both: the counted number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element (11) and the determined electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11 ); and (b) an unexpected state of deterioration of the suspension element (23) based on deriving the actual actual state of deterioration of the suspension element that is based on the determined electrical characteristic, considering the currently expected state of deterioration that is based on the counted number of bending cycles and comparing the actual actual state of deterioration with the currently expected state of deterioration.
[00117] For example, the determining device can be configured to determine the critically deteriorated state of the suspension element based on one of: an information indicating that the counted number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element, as counted by the counting device, exceeds the maximum allowable number, and information indicating that the measured electrical characteristics of the suspension element, as measured by the electrical measuring device, deviate from the reference characteristics by more than one maximum allowable deviation.
[00118] In other words, the state of deterioration of a suspension element in an elevator can be monitored continuously or repeatedly using a specific monitoring device. This device is, on the one hand, adapted to count the number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element. Such counting can be carried out using a specific counting device. On the other hand, the device is adapted to measure the electrical characteristics of the suspension element. The device can then use, for example, its determining device, to decide whether or not there is currently a critical or unexpected state of deterioration in the suspension element.
[00119] Such a decision can be based, for example, on each of the information indicating that the number of bending cycles counted has exceeded a maximum permissible number, and the information indicating that the electrical characteristics measured in the suspension element diverge from the reference characteristics by more than one maximum permissible deviation.
[00120] Alternatively, the determining device can, for example, check whether the expected state of deterioration of the suspension element, which is assumed mainly taking into account the operational age of the suspension element (i.e. the number of bending cycles applied to it), and the actual state of deterioration of the suspension element as derived from its determined electrical characteristics correctly match each other or not.
[00121] Each of the counting device, electrical measuring device and determining device may be connected to an elevator control which controls the operation of the elevator and may receive data or information from such elevator control or may transmit your own data or information to the elevator control. This data exchange connection can be established using wire or wirelessly.
[00122] Consequently, for example, the counting device can receive data or information from the elevator control regarding the trips made in the elevator, so that the counting device can derive the information necessary to count the number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element from such elevator control information. Similarly, the electrical measuring device can be connected to the elevator control so that it can, for example, take into account the information or data coming from the elevator control when performing its own electrical measurements. The determining device can also be connected to the elevator control so that, for example, when a critically deteriorated state of the suspension element is detected, such information can be transmitted to the elevator control so that the elevator control can then , for example, suspending elevator operation, limiting elevator operation, sending an alarm or other information to elevator users or operators, and/or initiating any other appropriate countermeasures.
[00123] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an elevator is proposed. The elevator comprises the device according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention described above.
[00124] It is worth noting that possible features and advantages of the embodiments of the invention are described here partly in relation to a method for determining the state of deterioration in an arrangement of suspension elements, and partly in relation to a monitoring arrangement which is adapted to perform or control such a method in an elevator. Some features are also described with reference to an elevator comprising such a monitoring arrangement. A person skilled in the art will understand that the features presented herein may suitably be transferred from one embodiment to another, i.e. from method to device or vice versa, and that features may be modified, adapted, combined/or substituted etc. in order to devise other embodiments of the invention.
[00125] In the following, advantageous embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, neither the drawings nor the description should be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention.
[00126] Figure 1 shows an elevator to which a method according to an embodiment of the invention can be applied.
[00127] Figure 2 shows an exemplary suspension element.
[00128] Figure 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a monitoring arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[00129] Figure 4 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment of a monitoring arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[00130] Figure 5 shows an example of an electrical measuring device for measuring the electrical characteristics of a suspension element of a monitoring arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
[00131] Figure 6 shows another example of an electrical measuring device for measuring the electrical characteristics of a suspension element of a monitoring arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
[00132] Figure 7 illustrates electrical parameters to be induced or measured when measuring the electrical characteristics of a suspension element with an electrical measuring device as shown in Figure 6.
[00133] Figures are schematic representations only and are not drawn to scale. Some reference symbols denote the same or similar features throughout the figures.
[00134] Figure 1 shows an elevator 1, in which a method according to the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented.
[00135] The elevator 1 comprises a car 3 and a counterweight 5, which can be moved vertically onto an elevator shaft 7. The car 3 and the counterweight 5 are suspended by an arrangement of suspension elements 9. This arrangement of suspension elements 9 comprises one or more suspension elements 11, sometimes also referred to as suspension traction means (MTS). Such suspension elements 11 can be, for example, ropes, belts, etc. In the arrangement shown in figure 1, the end portions of the suspension elements 11 are fixed to an elevator support structure 1 on top of the elevator shaft 7. The suspension elements 11 can be moved using an elevator traction machine 13. which drives a traction sheave 15. The cabin 3 and counterweight 5 can be retained by the suspension elements 11 by winding the suspension elements 11 around pulleys 16. The operation of the elevator traction machine 13 can be controlled by a control device 18. For example at opposite end portions of the suspension element arrangement 9, components of a monitoring device 17 used to determine the state of deterioration in the suspension element arrangement 9 may be provided.
[00136] It is worth noting that the elevator 1 and particularly its suspension element(s) 11 and its monitoring device 17 used to determine deterioration can be configured and arranged in several ways other than those shown in figure 1.
[00137] The suspension elements 11 driven, for example, by the traction machine 13, can use metal cables or ropes to support a suspended load, such as the cabin 3 and/or the counterweight 5, which is moved by the traction machine. traction 13.
[00138] Figure 2 shows an example of a suspension element 11, which is incorporated with a belt 19. The belt 19 comprises a plurality of cables 23 which are arranged in parallel and spaced from one another. The cables 23 are wrapped in a composite material 21 which forms, inter alia, a coating or wrap. Such a sheath may mechanically couple neighboring cables 23. The sheath may have a textured or profiled surface including longitudinal guide grooves. Typically, cables 23 may consist of or comprise wires made from a metal, such as steel. The composite material 21 may consist of or comprise a plastic or elastomeric material. Consequently, the cables 23 are, in general, electrically conductive for the application of electrical voltage and/or the passage of electrical current through the cables without incurring significant losses. Furthermore, preferably, the cables 23 are electrically insulated from each other by the interposed and electrically insulating composite material 21 so that, as long as the integrity of the coating is not deteriorated, there is no transmission of electrical current or voltage between cables. neighbors, i.e. so that no significant shunt current can flow from one cable 23 to another.
[00139] Figures 3 and 4 show an exemplary embodiment of a monitoring arrangement that includes a control device 18 and a monitoring device 17 for determining the state of deterioration in the suspension element 11 of the elevator 1. The monitoring arrangement ( 17+18) comprises a counting device 25, an electrical measuring device 27 and a determining device 29. These devices 25, 27, 29 can be deployed as separate units. Alternatively, these devices 25, 27, 29 can be integrated into a single unit. Furthermore, the control device 18 and the monitoring device 17 may be incorporated as separate devices or may be incorporated as a single device, for example they may be incorporated in an elevator control unit to control overall functionality or operation. of the elevator. In one embodiment, the control device 18 may be substantially identical to the elevator control unit, while in others, the control device 18 may be a part or subsystem of the elevator control unit. In other embodiments, the control device 18 may be separate from the elevator control unit. Individual parts may be distributed between the control device 18 and the monitoring device 17. The devices 25-29 may be incorporated as separate devices or units in hardware, while in another embodiment, they may be incorporated as a computer program, or that is, as software within a computing unit, for example an elevator control unit or within the control device 18 or monitoring device 17 may be conceivable as well.
[00140] For example, in figure 3, substantially all of the above devices 25-29 are, at least in terms of logic, associated with the monitoring device 17. In figure 4, for example, the counting device 25 can be , at least in terms of logic, associated with the control device 18. In addition, the determining device 29 in the exemplary embodiment of figure 3, the counting device 25 is also connected to the elevator control device 18 in order to receive data or information from the control device 18, as shown by arrow 24. This data or information may indicate, for example, whether the elevator is currently being operated or not, i.e., whether the elevator pulling machine 13 is currently moving the suspension element 11 or not. Furthermore, the control device 18 can provide data or information correlated with the current position of the cabin 3 and/or the counterweight 5. Upon receipt of this information, the counting device 25 can derive information that allows counting of the number of cycles. applied to the suspension element 11. For example, each time the suspension element 11 is displaced during the travel of the elevator 1 or each time the direction of motion of the elevator is reversed, the number of bending cycles applied to the element of suspension 11 is increased. In other words, an alternative to increase the number of bending cycles can be incorporated as a trip counter, even if there are successive trips in the same elevator/cabin motion direction, while another alternative is to just count and therefore increase the number of counter bending cycles if the direction of motion changes. This can be applied during the counting of bending cycles of the entire suspension element 11 or also during the sectional approach.
[00141] Preferably, the counting device 25 does not simply act as a trip counter. On the contrary, taking into account, for example, the information provided about the current position of the cabin 3 and the counterweight 5, additional information can be derived, which is indicative of the places where the suspension element 11 is currently being flexed. . Consequently, the counting device 25 can be enabled not only to count the bending cycles of the suspension element 11 in its entirety, but also to count the bending cycles per section, i.e. the cycles applied to each section of a multiplicity. of sections that form the suspension element 11 as a whole. For example, a section of the suspension element may correspond to a portion of the suspension element that extends between two neighboring floors of a building. Principles, other details and possible advantages of such a preferred counting device 25, as well as the method for counting bending cycles performed in this way are described in the applicant's previous patent applications WO 2010/007112 A1 and EP 2 303 749 B1 , the which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.
[00142] The counted number of bending cycles applied to suspension element 11 is provided from counting device 25 to determining device 29, as indicated by arrow 26.
[00143] The electrical measuring device 27 is electrically connected to the suspension element 11. For example, the electrical measuring device 27 comprises a voltage source for generating an electrical voltage V and applying such electrical voltage V to one or more cables 23 of the suspension element 11. Preferably, a voltage source is adapted to generate two or more phases of an alternating voltage, these phases being altered with respect to each other and each phase being applied to a cable or a group of cables 23 or alternatively to a separate resistor. As further detailed below, the electrical measuring device 27 can measure the electrical characteristics of the suspension element by applying electrical voltage to at least one of the cables 23 and then monitoring the electrical parameters in the cables 23.
[00144] The electrical measuring device 27 can then provide information about the electrical characteristics of the suspension element 11 to the determining device 29 as indicated by arrow 28.
[00145] The determining device 29 can use the information/data from the counting device 25 and the electrical measuring device 27 to determine if there is a state of critical deterioration in the suspension element 11.
[00146] The presence of such a critical deterioration state is confirmed if the counted number of bending cycles provided by the counting device 25 exceeds the maximum permissible number. For example, such a maximum permissible number of bending cycles may be predetermined as a result of experiments conducted with an exemplary suspension element undamaged under normal operating conditions. In such experiments, it is repeatedly tested, after multiple bending of the suspension element, whether or not the suspension element still has a sufficient carrying capacity of more than 60% or more than 80% of its initial value. Typically, the maximum allowable number of bending cycles is determined from such experiments to be in a range of 15 to 20 million bending cycles, but can also be higher or lower depending on, for example, operating conditions and /or specific characteristics of a type of suspension element 11. Consequently, at the latest after said maximum permissible number of bending cycles has been reached in the present suspension element 11, the determining device 29 will assume that the repeated ones have already deteriorated the suspension element 11 to the point where a critical state of deterioration has been caused and typically the suspension element 11 must be replaced.
[00147] As a second decisive parameter, the determining device 29 takes into account the electrical characteristics measured and provided by the electrical measuring device 27. As long as these electrical characteristics do not deviate excessively from the reference characteristics, it is assumed that the element suspension bracket 11 is being operated under normal operating conditions, i.e. that it is not, for example, damaged or corroded beyond normal. As long as this assumption is true, the determining device 29 will determine whether or not the suspension element 11 can continue to be operated just by checking whether or not the suspension element 11 has been flexed more than the permissible number of bending cycles. However, if this assumption is not true, i.e. if the electrical characteristics measured in the suspension element 11 differ from the reference characteristics by more than a maximum permissible deviation, it can be assumed that significant deterioration or damage has occurred in the suspension element. 11, which cannot be attributed only to repeated push-ups of the same. Based on the specific type of deviation from the reference characteristics, the determining device 29 can then decide whether this deviation indicates a state of critical deterioration during which the operation of the elevator 1 must be stopped immediately or if other countermeasures must be taken. .
[00148] Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a monitoring arrangement 17 to determine the state of deterioration in the suspension element 11 of the elevator 1. In this case, although it is still part of the monitoring arrangement 17, the counter 25 is no longer included in the same housing as the determining device 29 and the electrical measuring device 27, as it forms part of the elevator control device 18. Typically, in such a control device 18, the number of elevator trips or the number of reverse motions during these trips is counted and such information can be provided to the determination device 29, as indicated by arrow 26.
[00149] Also, for example, the control device 18 can be the same as the elevator control unit. Such an elevator control unit (already) may comprise a counting device 25 for counting trips, bending cycles and/or bending cycles per section. In this case, the monitoring device 17 can only provide a signal/information, as indicated by the arrow 30, for the elevator control indicative of the determined electrical characteristic or indicative of the actual actual state of deterioration of the suspension element. Said information can be provided to the control device 18/elevator control unit, which in turn evaluates the signal/information, respectively, and transmits the method of the invention to the control device 18/elevator control unit. . Therefore, it is also feasible for the determining unit 29 to be, at least in terms of logic, associated with/arranged within the control device 18/elevator control unit. The determining unit 29 can even be a computing area within the control device 18/elevator control unit, for example, being incorporated into the control program of the control device 18/elevator control unit. In such an embodiment, the signal/information, as indicated by arrow 26, may not exist or may be a simple indication to monitoring device 17 that a determination of an electrical characteristic is to be made.
[00150] In figure 5 and 6, possible principles and characteristics to be implemented in the examples of an electrical measuring device 27 are briefly explained. However, it is worth mentioning that such principles and features are explained in much more detail in applicant's previous patent applications US 62/199,375 and US 14/814,558 (about the implant shown in figure 4) and EP 16 155 357 A1 and EP 16 155 358 A1 (about the layout shown in figure 5). Accordingly, reference is made to those earlier patent applications, the disclosure of which is incorporated in its entirety into the description of the present invention.
[00151] Figure 5 shows an example of a multiphase alternating current circuit 131 comprising three electrically conductive legs 127, in which both the source side 133 and the load side 135 are in Wye configuration. AC voltage sources Va, Vb, Vc are provided in Wye configuration on the supply side 133. Zya, Zyb, Zyc resistors are provided in Wye configuration on the load side 135. Both Wye configurations have a neutral point 129, at which the voltage sources Va, Vb, Vc or the resistors Zya, Zyb, Zyc, respectively, are all interconnected. The AC voltage sources Va, Vb, Vc are connected through lines a, b, c which form the legs 127 for the associated lines of resistors Zya, Zyb, Zyc. Consequently, current phases Ia, Ib, Ic of a multiphase alternating current can be applied to each line a, b, c of legs 27.
[00152] Also, in the exemplary multiphase alternating current circuit 131 of figure 4, a neutral wire 137 is connected to each of the neutral points 129 of the Wye configuration on the source side 133 and the Wye configuration on the load side 135. In other words, the neutral wire 137 is connected between the common points 29 on the supply side and on the load side of the multiphase alternating current circuit, respectively. Neutral wire 137 comprises a resistor Zn. In the neutral wire, bypass current In can flow.
[00153] A multiphase alternating current comprises at least two phases and in each phase the current alternates over time. There is an alternation of phase between the phases so that, for example, the resistance of the peak current in one phase is changed by 2 π/n (n=2, 3, 4,...) with respect to the resistance of the current of peak of another phase. The currents can alternate, for example, in a sinusoidal fashion. However, other switching patterns, such as digital, stepwise, or others, may apply.
[00154] In other words and in the three-phase example, in the electrical circuit model, three-phase electrical circuits usually have three conductors, for example, formed by lines a, b, c conducting the voltage waveforms that are 2 π/ 3 radians (ie 120° or 1/3 of a cycle) shifted in time.
[00155] Where the three conductors of the voltage waveforms are "balanced", the net sum of the phase currents along all legs 127 of the multiphase AC circuit 131, i.e. the sum of the vectors of Ia, Ib, Ic is 0 (that is, Ia + Ib+ Ic = 0, where Ia, Ib, Ic must be the vector currents and thus must include information about their phases). In a balanced three-phase circuit, all three sources Va, Vb, Vc are generally represented by a series of balanced three-phase variables and all loads Zya, Zyb, Zyc, as well as lines a, b, c within legs 127 of the circuit , have equal impedances. Furthermore, in such a balanced circuit, not only is the net sum of the phase currents 0, but also a bypass electrical current In along the neutral wire 137 that is connected in parallel with the legs 127 is 0 (i.e., In =0).
[00156] Following Kirchhoff's voltage laws, when there is an imbalance in the conducting loads of the three-phase circuit, any imbalance resulting from phase currents in legs 127 of circuit 131 will be resolved as a current In in neutral wire 137 and/or as a net sum phase current over all phases a, b, c of multiphase alternating current which is no longer equal to 0.
[00157] Such divergence of the bypass current In along neutral wire 137 or the net sum of all other phase currents Ia, Ib, Ic can be interpreted and named here as "indicator electric current". As soon as this indicator current diverges from a reference current value by more than a predetermined value difference, this can be taken as an indicative signal that a critical deterioration has occurred within at least one of the suspension elements and that a check and , if necessary, replacement of the suspension element, can be initiated, for example. The reference current value can be, for example, a current value of the bypass current In or the net sum of phase currents Ia, Ib, Ic measured with an undamaged suspension element arrangement, such as, for example , shortly after fabrication or installation of an arrangement of suspension elements.
[00158] The indicator current can be measured in several ways. For example, the net sum of the vectors of all currents Ia, Ib, Ic along all legs 127 of the multiphase alternating current circuit 131 can be measured together, that is, with the same measurement circuit. Alternatively, each of the phase currents Ia, Ib, Ic in lines a, b, c forming the legs 127 can be measured separately and the net sum of these separately measured phase currents can be determined subsequently, for example, in a summing device. Alternatively, the indicator current may be derived from the bypass current In flowing through neutral wire 137 during the occurrence of any unbalance within the multiphase alternating current circuit 131.
[00159] For example, with reference to circuit 131 shown in figure 5, voltages Va, Vb, Vc are applied to lines a, b, c that form legs 127 and are held constant, i.e. equal to each other, and with 2 π/3 radians shifted. At least one of lines a, b, c may comprise at least one of the cables contained in a suspension element of the elevator suspension element arrangement. In order for the net sum (Ia + Ib + Ic) and/or the shunt current In in the neutral wire 37 to be equal to 0 under initial conditions, such as when the suspension element has just been installed, the voltage drops along each of lines a, b, c and the voltage drops across each of the loads Zya, Zyb, Zyc and on each of the legs 27 must be equal.
[00160] In practical terms, the voltage drops along, for example, steel cables in a suspension element will not necessarily be equal in principle due, for example, to various small differences and tolerances created, for example, by tolerances for manufacturing the suspension element steel cables. In this case, the Zya, Zyb, and Zyc loads can be adjusted to compensate for such differences until a desired initial current condition of In = 0, that is, no current flowing in the neutral wire, is achieved. Alternatively, multiphase source voltages Va, Vb, Vc 33 can be independently adjusted to also establish a desired initial current condition for In. Intuitively for those skilled in the art, an alternative to adjusting Zya, Zyb, Zyc and/or multiphase source voltages Va, Vb, Vc at an initial zero current In would capture a non-zero value of In as the initial reference current value.
[00161] Suspension elements that contain multiple metal cables are generally capable of having the cables act as conductors or electrical lines. The suspension element can also be constructed with metal cables that are electrically insulated from one another through physical separation, such as with electrically non-conductive materials such as an elastomeric coating. When the metal cables of the suspension elements are electrically isolated from each other, they can be connected, for example, in a Wye configuration or a Delta configuration, and can form part of several legs of a multiphase AC circuit. Each of the cables can then become an electrical conductor in the circuit.
[00162] For example, in the Wye configuration of figure 5, three insulated cables of a suspension element are represented by Zla, Zlb, Zlc. In an initially balanced state, the sums of the resistances Zlx + Zyx (x = a, b, c) in each of the lines a, b, c formed by the cables are substantially equal. However, in case of deterioration of one of the cables, the resistance Zlx created in this way in one of the changing lines and in the entire multiphase alternating current circuit 31 becomes unbalanced. Such an imbalance can then be determined by measuring the indicator current In or (Ia + Ib + Ic). If this indicator current exceeds a certain predetermined value, this can be taken as an indication that at least one of the cables contained in a suspension element is significantly deteriorated and that the suspension element may need to be checked and/or replaced.
[00163] Instead of forming all lines a, b, c, or more usually all legs 127 of a multiphase alternating current circuit 131 by including one of the cables of a suspension element, for example, only one or some of these lines may contain suspension element cables. For example, as described below in connection with various examples, all cables of a suspension element or of several suspension elements may be connected in series or in parallel and may be included in only one of the legs 127, while the other legs 127 may not comprise any cables, but be formed only by the Zyx loads. These Zyx loads can be fixed or dynamic. For example, dynamic loads can be implemented by setting initial conditions for In and/or compensating for any temperature effects that modify the electrical characteristics of Zyx loads, lines a, b, c, cables comprised in the multiphase circuit and /or other components of the multiphase circuit.
[00164] It is worth noting that the definition of the initial conditions at In and/or the compensation of temperature effects or other phenomena can also be performed by dynamically adjusting the Zya, Zyb, Zyc loads and/or the voltages of multiphase source Va, Vb, Vc.
[00165] As indicated above, more details of the approach to measuring the electrical characteristics of the suspension elements 11, as briefly explained here in relation to Figure 4, are explained in applicant's previous patent applications US 62/199,375 and US 14/814,558 .
[00166] Figure 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of a device 217 for detecting a state of deterioration in an arrangement of suspension elements 9 of an elevator 1. In this case, the arrangement of suspension elements 9 may comprise one or more suspension elements. suspension 11, such as, for example, belts, as shown in figure 2, including a plurality of electrically conductive cables 23. In figure 5, cables 223 are schematically indicated only as twelve elongated cables 223 which are arranged parallel to one another. other.
[00167] The multiplicity of cables 223 can be divided into two groups 224a, 224b of cables. For example, a first group 224a of cables may comprise all of the odd-numbered cables 223, while a second group 224b of cables may comprise all of the even-numbered cables 223.
[00168] The device 217 comprises an alternating voltage generating arrangement G which is adapted for applying a first alternating voltage U1 to a first end 225a of the first group 224a of cables 223 and for applying a second alternating voltage U2 at a first end 225b of the second group 224b of cables 223.
[00169] In the embodiment shown in figure 6, the alternating voltage generator arrangement G comprises a first alternating voltage generator G1 and a second alternating voltage generator G2. The two alternating voltage generators G1, G2 can be separate devices and can operate, in principle, independently of each other. However, the two alternating voltage generators G1, G2 must be synchronized so that they operate in a stationary phase relationship with each other.
[00170] The alternating voltage generators G1, G2 are electrically connected, on one of their sides, to an electrical ground potential, while, on their other side, they are electrically connected to the first ends 225a, 225b of the first and second groups 224a, 224b of cables 223, respectively. The alternating voltage generators G1, G2 produce the first and second generated voltages UG1, UG2, respectively.
[00171] The internal electrical resistance of each of the alternating voltage generators G1, G2 is represented in figure 5 by R3, R4. Due to these internal resistances R3, R4, the actual first and second voltages U1, U2 applied to cables 223 can generally be lower than the voltages UG1, UG2 generated by the alternating voltage generators G1, G2 themselves.
[00172] The alternating voltage generator arrangement G with its alternating voltage generators G1, G2 is configured to generate the first and second alternating voltages U1, U2 with equal waveforms and with a fixed phase difference of essentially 180°. In this case, the waveforms must diverge from each other by a maximum of an acceptable tolerance, e.g. less than 5%, and the phase difference must diverge by a maximum of 180° within an acceptable tolerance, e.g. by less. of 10°, preferably less than 5° or less than 2°.
[00173] In the examples and modalities described here below, it will be considered that the alternating voltage generator arrangement G has a specific exemplary implementation in which it generates the first and second voltages UG1, UG2 which have an amplitude of 6 V and oscillate around of a DC voltage of 6 V. In other words, the first and second voltages UG1, UG2 generated oscillate between Umin = 0 V and Umax = 12 V. In this case, the waveform is sinusoidal. The selected value for the oscillation frequency is 280 Hz. The selected value for the internal resistors R3, R4 is 450 Ohm.
[00174] However, it is worth noting that the alternating voltage generator arrangement G can be implemented in several other ways. For example, the first and second generated voltages UG1, UG2 can be generated with other waveforms, such as rectangular waveforms or triangle waveforms. Furthermore, the amplitude and/or frequency of the first and second alternating voltages generated UG1, UG2 can be selected in several ways. For example, the generated voltages UG1, UG2 can fluctuate between other minimum and maximum voltages Umin, Umax. Specifically, alternating voltages do not necessarily have to oscillate around a fixed, non-zero DC voltage, but they can also oscillate around 0 V, that is, between a negative voltage -Umax and a positive voltage +Umax. Such an implantation can be advantageous with respect to electrocorrosion characteristics.
[00175] Furthermore, the internal resistances R3, R4 can be selected in various ways and can be adapted to a specific application, for example depending on the electrical resistances generated by the cables 223 to which the first and second alternating voltages U1, U2 are to be applied.
[00176] Furthermore, instead of providing the alternating voltage generator arrangement G with two separate alternating voltage generators G1, G2, a single alternating voltage generator can be provided and a single alternating voltage generator can provide a direct and an inverse output so that the generated alternating voltages UG1, UG2 can be sent with a phase shift of 180°. For example, this single alternating voltage generator can be coupled to a transformer that includes, for example, a primary coil and a secondary coil, in which an inverse voltage output can be generated at a contact in the middle of the secondary coil, such an output reverse voltage being altered by 180° in relation to a forward voltage output generated at the external contacts of the secondary coil. In such an embodiment, the first and second alternating voltages U1, U2 are automatically synchronized with a 180° stationary phase alternation so that, for example, no specific synchronization of the two separate alternating voltage generators G1, G2 is required.
[00177] The first alternating voltage U1 is applied to the first end 225a of the first group 224a of cables 223 of a suspension element 11, while the second alternating voltage U2 is applied to the first end 225b of the second group 224b of cables 223 of the same element suspension 11. Within a group of cables 224a, 224b, all cables 223 comprised in that group 224a, 224b can be electrically connected to each other.
[00178] Preferably, cables 223 of a group 224a, 224b are connected in series. In such a series connection, for example, all odd cables 1, 3, 5, etc. are electrically connected in series with each other to form a long, unitary type of electrical conductor. Similarly, all cable pairs 2, 4, 6, etc. can be connected in series. In such an implementation, the first alternating voltage U1 can be applied, for example, to a first end 225a of the first group 224a of cables 223 which is formed by a free end of cable 223 number 1, an opposite end of that cable number 1 being electrically connected in series to one end of the number 3 cable, an opposite end of that number 3 cable again being electrically connected to a free end of the number 5 cable, and so on. Accordingly, a second end 227a of that first group 224a of cables 223 is formed by a free end of a last odd cable 223. Similarly, all of the even cables 223 can be connected in series, such as to electrically connect a first end 225b from that second group 224b of cables 223 to an opposite second end 227b by means of a single long conductor formed by the series of paired cables 223. In such a series connection arrangement, the two alternating voltages U1, U2 applied to the first ends 225a, 225b of the two groups 224a, 224b of cables 223 are transferred to all the series connections formed in both groups 224a, 224b by the respective cables 223 contained therein. Consequently, when there is no flow of electric current, the first and second alternating voltages U1, U2 are also applied to the second ends 227a, 227b of both groups of cables 224a, 224b. However, if there is any flow of electric current through the cables 223 as a result of applying the first and second alternating voltages U1, U2, such current must be transferred through the respective group 224a, 224b of cables 223 and thereby must pass through the electrical resistances created by the respective cables 223. As a result, voltage drops occur along all of the respective cables 223. Consequently, measuring the third and fourth voltages U3, U4 at opposite second ends 227a, 227b of each group 224a, 224b of cables 223, information about the condition within the groups 224a, 224b of cables 223 can be derived, as it can be determined, for example, whether there is any flow of electrical current through the cables 223 in each of the groups 224a, 224b and, if so, how such a current "behaves".
[00179] In order to connect the alternating voltage generating arrangement G to the hanging element and properly interconnect all cables 223 in advantageous series connections, a connector arrangement (not shown in Figure 5 for ease of visualization) is used to to establish a series connection of all the even cables of the suspension element and a series connection of all the odd cables of the suspension element, and to establish an electrical connection for the application of the first and second alternating voltages (U1, U2) to the first ends of the series connection of the even cables and the series connection of the odd cables, respectively, can be provided.
[00180] As an extra note only, it is worth mentioning that the first and second groups 224a, 224b of cables 223 can be arranged and electrically connected in various other ways. For example, while it may be advantageous to include all the even cables and all the odd cables in one of the groups 224a, 224b of cables 223, respectively, it may also be possible to include each of the cables 223 of one or more suspension elements 9 in others. configurations to the two groups 224a, 224b of cables 223. For example, all cables 1 in n can be comprised in the first group 224a, while all cables n+1 in x can be comprised in the second group of cables 224b. Preferably, both groups 224a, 224b of cables 223 comprise the same number of cables 223. Furthermore, while it may be beneficial to connect all cables 223 of a group 224a, 224b in series with each other, parallel electrical connections of all or some of the cables 223 comprised in one of the groups 224a, 224b may also be possible.
[00181] At the second ends 227a, 227b of both groups 224a, 224b of cables 223, a first strain measuring arrangement 231 and/or a second strain measuring arrangement 233 may be provided as a constituent part of the determining unit 229. These components 229, 231, 233 are shown in Figure 5 only in a schematic way.
[00182] The first voltage measuring arrangement 231 may be adapted to determine a summed voltage U+ which is correlated with the sum of a third voltage U3 and a fourth voltage U4. In this case, the third voltage U3 is applied between the second end 227a of the first group 224a of cables 223 and a common electrical potential, such as a ground potential. The fourth voltage U4 is applied between a second end 227b of the second group 224b of cables 223 and the common electrical potential.
[00183] The second voltage measuring arrangement 233 is adapted to determine a differential voltage U- correlated with a difference between the third voltage U3 and the fourth voltage U4.
[00184] In this case, both the summed voltage U+ and the differential voltage U- must "correlate" with the sum and difference, respectively, of U3 and U4 in an unambiguous way. For example, the summed voltage U+ can equal the sum U3 + U4 and the differential voltage U- can equal the difference U3 - U4. Alternatively, the summed voltage U+ and/or the differential voltage U- may correlate with said U3 + U4, U3 - U4, respectively, in other ways, such as being, for example, a multiple thereof. For example, U+ can equal x * (U3 + U4) and/or U- can equal y * (U3 - U4), x and y possibly being any rational numbers, e.g. x = y = ^ or x = y = 2 etc.
[00185] In principle, it may be sufficient to provide the device 217 with only one of the first and second voltage measurement arrangements 231, 233, since from this unitary voltage measurement arrangement, only the summed voltage U+ is determined or the differential voltage U-, some useful information about a current deterioration state of the suspension element 11 can already be derived. However, in order to obtain more useful information about the state of deterioration, it may be beneficial to provide the device 217 with both the first strain measurement arrangement 231 and the second strain measurement arrangement 233 in order to enable, for example, , the distinction between various types or degrees of deterioration within the suspension element 211.
[00186] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 6, the device 217 is provided with both the first and second voltage measuring arrangements 231, 233. In this case, the two voltage measuring arrangements 231, 233 are implemented including a first and a second voltage determining unit 235a, 235b. These voltage determining units 235a, 235b and/or other voltage determining units comprised in voltage measuring arrangements of device 217 may be, for example, electronic devices which are adapted to measure electronically and preferably automatically electrical voltages within a circuit. In this case, the first voltage determining unit 235a is connected by one of its sides to the second end 227a of the first group 224a of cables 223, while the second voltage determining unit 235b is connected by one of its sides to the second end 227b of the second group 224b of cables 223. The opposite side of both voltage determining units 235a, 235b is connected to an electrical ground potential. Accordingly, the first and second voltage determining units 235a, 235b are adapted to measure the third voltage U3 and the fourth voltage U4, respectively. Both voltage measuring units 235a, 235b are then connected to the determining unit 229, in which the first voltage measuring arrangement 231 is adapted to determine the summed voltage U+ and the second voltage measuring arrangement 233 is adapted to determine the differential voltage U-.
[00187] In addition to the circuit components explained here, before being used in the actual measurement of summed voltage and differential voltage, the device 217 shown in Figure 5 relies on a pull-up voltage source 236. This pull voltage source -up 236 can apply a constant DC voltage to the first two ends 225a, 225b of both groups 224a, 224b of cables 223 during an idle mode, in which the AC voltage generating arrangement G is disabled or decoupled. Such idle mode will be described below. The constant voltage of CD can be substantially equal to the maximum voltage Umax of the generated alternating voltages UG1, UG2 generated by the alternating voltage generating arrangement G. The pull-up voltage source 36 comprises the electrical internal resistances R1, R2.
[00188] Furthermore, the device 217 may comprise a third and a fourth voltage determining unit 235c, 235d for measuring the first and second voltages U1, U2, respectively. Depending on the current flowing through the entire circuit of the device 217, the voltage drops across the internal resistors R3, R4 of the alternating voltage generating arrangement G may diverge so that the first and second voltages U1, U2 may accordingly be distinct from each other. other. In this way, by measuring the first and second voltages U1, U2 with a third and fourth voltage determining unit 35c, 35d, information about the electric current flowing through the circuit can be derived. This information then includes information on the state of deterioration of the suspension element 11, since the electrical current flowing through the circuit substantially depends on the electrical resistances occurring within the cables 223 of the suspension element 11.
[00189] In the following, the working principle of the device 217 and a method for detecting a state of deterioration in an arrangement of suspension elements 9 will be described in an exemplary manner in a state in which the suspension element 11 is not deteriorated, that is, neither the cables 223 nor their shield 21 are deteriorated or even damaged to any degree, and therefore all cables 223 have the same physical and electrical characteristics. The voltages, which are generated or which are measured during the execution of such a method, will be described with reference to figure 7.
[00190] In the method for monitoring the deterioration state, the alternating voltage generator arrangement G generates two alternating voltages UG1, UG2, which alternate in a sinusoidal fashion with a frequency of 280 Hz and an amplitude of 6 V around a base forward voltage of 6 V. These generated voltages UG1, UG2 result in the first and second alternating voltages U1, U2 (not shown in Figure 4 for clarity) which are applied to the first ends 225a, 225b of the first group 224a and of the second group 224b of cables 223 of the suspension element 11, respectively. Obviously, depending on whether or not electric current is flowing through the circuit, the first and second alternating voltages U1, U2 may be slightly lower than the generated voltages UG1, UG2 due to a voltage drop across electrical resistors R3, R4.
[00191] The first and second voltages U1, U2 are then transmitted through the series connection of odd cables 223 of the first group 224a and the series connection of even cables 223 of the second group 224b, respectively, so that a third alternating voltage and a fourth alternating voltage U3, U4 occurs at opposite second ends 227a, 227b of both groups of cables 224a, 224b.
[00192] When there is no shunt resistance and no electrical connection between these two second ends 227a, 227b, no electrical current flows between them, so the third and fourth alternating voltages U3, U4 will be equal to the first and second alternating voltages applied U1, U2. In other words, as long as there is no deterioration in the suspension element 11, the third and fourth alternating voltages U3, U4 will exactly follow the first and second applied alternating voltages U1, U2. Consequently, during verification of such alternating voltage behaviors at the third and fourth alternating voltages U3, U4, it can be determined whether the suspension element 11 is in a normal condition, in which no further action is required.
[00193] In such an undamaged state, due to the 180° phase alternation between the third and fourth alternating voltages U3, U4, a summed voltage U+ which corresponds to the sum of the third and fourth alternating voltages U3, U4 is a constant voltage, that is, the CD voltage is the sum of the base CD voltages of the generated alternating voltages UG1, UG2 (ie in the example given: U3 + U4 = 6 V + 6 V = 12 V). Consequently, in such a state, the summed voltage U+ has no alternating voltage components (ie, U+,AC = 0). A differential voltage U- which corresponds to the difference between the third and fourth alternating voltages U3, U4 alternates with the same frequency as the generated voltages UG1, UG2 and with twice the amplitude of these generated voltages UG1, UG2 around the DC voltage from 0 V (ie in the example given, U- switches between -12 and +12 V).
[00194] As will be described in more detail below, in cases where the suspension element 11 is deteriorated or even damaged, such initial conditions no longer apply to the third and fourth voltages U3, U4. In particular, when at least one of the cables 223 of the suspension element 11 is broken or when there is a short circuit between the cables 223 or an electrical connection to the ground wire in at least one of the cables 223, or an electrical connection between the first ends 225a, 225b and the second ends 227a, 227b is partially interrupted (i.e. in case of a broken cable) or there will be a flow of electrical currents (i.e. in case of short circuits or connections to the ground wire ). Consequently, in such deteriorated conditions, the third and fourth voltages U3, U4 will no longer follow the generated voltages UG1, UG2 in the same way as in the undamaged state and, as a result of this, the summed voltage U+ and/or the differential voltage U- will have their behavior changed.
[00195] Consequently, any state deviation, in which the summed voltage U+ has no alternating voltage component U+,AC and the differential voltage U- comprises an alternating voltage that is non-zero can be interpreted as indicative of a deterioration or even damage to the monitored suspension element 11.
[00196] Although, in principle, a simple circuit of the device 217, in which the second ends 227a, 227b of the first and second groups 224a, 224b of cables 223 are not electrically connected may be sufficient to monitor the suspension element 11 by it being able to detect at least whether the suspension element 11 is deteriorated or not, it may be advantageous to modify such an open circuit by connecting the second ends 227a, 227b of the two groups 224a, 224b of cables 223 via an electrical connection resistor R5 . Such an electrical connection resistor R5 may have a resistance in the range of several tens or hundreds of Ohms, i.e. a resistance that is significantly higher than the resistances that typically occur along all the series connections of the element cables 223. suspension 11 (such resistances being typically in the range of a few Ohms to a few tens of Ohms, depending on the length of the suspension element). In the example provided in figure 5, the value considered for R5 is 100 Ohm.
[00197] Due to such electrical connection of the second ends 227a, 227b and the third and fourth voltages U3, U4 occurring at these second ends 227a, 227b, an electric current can flow through the entire circuit of the device 217. As a result of such electric current, voltage drops will occur across all resistors included in such a circuit, thus influencing all voltages Ux (x = 1, 2, 3, 4) in a direct way and at various points in the circuit. For example, the first and second voltages U1, U2 will be lower than the generated voltages UG1, UG2 due to the internal resistances R3, R4. The third and fourth voltages U3, U4 at the second ends 27a, 27b will be lower than the first and second voltages U1, U2 due to the electrical resistances existing within the series connections of the cables 223 of the suspension element 11.
[00198] Using the measurement principles indicated above, various types of damage or deterioration caused to the suspension elements can be determined. The following table briefly indicates some possibilities of detectable electrical characteristics referring to specific damage or deterioration and voltages that occur during the respective measurements.

[00199] As indicated above, further details of the approach to measuring electrical characteristics in suspension elements 11, as briefly explained here in relation to figures 6 and 7, are explained in the applicant's previous patent applications, EP 16 155 357 A1 and EP 16 155 358 A1.
[00200] Finally, it is worth noting that terms such as "comprising" do not exclude other elements or steps and that terms such as "a" or "an" do not exclude a plurality. Furthermore, elements described in association with different modalities can be combined.

权利要求:
Claims (14)
[0001]
1. Method for determining the state of deterioration in an arrangement of suspension elements (9) of an elevator (1), the arrangement of suspension elements (9) comprising at least one suspension element (11) which contains a plurality of electrically conductive cables (23), the method characterized by the fact that it comprises, i - counting the number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element (11); ii - determining the electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11) by,( a) providing a multiphase alternating current circuit (131) including multiple electrically conductive legs (127); (b) applying at least one phase of a multiphase alternating current to at least one of the cables (23) of the suspension element (11) which is electrically connected to one of the legs (127) of the multiphase alternating current circuit (131); (c) applying at least another phase of the multiphase alternating current to at least one more cable (23) of the suspension element (11) and to at least one resistor separate being electrically connected to at least another leg (127) of the multiphase alternating current circuit (131), wherein a peak current in each phase is changed by a phase angle with respect to a peak current in another phase;( d) measuring an indicator electrical current (In) that is at least one of - the net sum of all phases of the multiphase alternating current and - a bypass electrical current passing through a neutral wire (137) connected in parallel to the multiphase alternating current circuit (131); and (e) determine the measured electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11) based on the measured current of the electrical indicator; iii - perform at least one of, (a) the determination of the critical deterioration state during monitoring both the number counted of bending cycles applied to the suspension element (11), as to the determined electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11); (b) the determination of the unexpected state of deterioration based on the derivation of the actual actual state of deterioration of the suspension element which is based on the determined electrical characteristic, consideration of the currently expected state of deterioration which is based on the counted number of bending cycles, and comparison of the actual actual state of deterioration with the currently expected state of deterioration; and (c) - initiate a defined procedure during the determination of at least one of the critical deterioration state and the unexpected state of deterioration.
[0002]
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in option (a), the state of critical deterioration is determined during the occurrence of at least one of, - the counted number of bending cycles applied to the element of suspension (11) exceeds a maximum allowable number, and- the determined electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11) deviates from a reference characteristic by more than one maximum allowable deviation.
[0003]
3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the maximum permissible deviation is at least one of, - determined taking into account the counted number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element (11), and - fixedly predetermined.
[0004]
4. Method according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the maximum admissible number is at least one of, - determined taking into account the determined electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11), and - fixedly predetermined.
[0005]
5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reference characteristic is determined based on the measurement of the electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11) in an undamaged condition.
[0006]
6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suspension element is subdivided into several sections and in which the number of bending cycles per section applied to each section of the suspension element (11) is counted for each of the sections and wherein the number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element (11) is set to correspond to the maximum of all the numbers of bending cycles per section, counted for each of the suspension element sections ( 11).
[0007]
7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the determination of the electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11) comprises at least one of, - electrical measurements indicating that at least one cable (23) of the suspension element suspension (11) is broken; - electrical measurements indicating that an electrical connection between a voltage supply used for applying electrical voltage to at least one of the cables (23) and at least one of the cables is broken; - electrical measurements indicating that at least one cable (23) of the suspension element (11) is electrically connected to the ground wire; - electrical measurements indicating that at least two cables (23) of the suspension element (11) are shortened; - electrical measurements indicating that the conductivity electrical supply along at least one of the cables (23) of the suspension element (11) has changed over time.
[0008]
8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the determination of the electrical characteristic comprises at least one of, - determining the electrical resistivity along the suspension element, - determining the electrical conductivity along the suspension element. suspension, - determining the inductivity along the suspension element, - determining the electrical characteristic using the magnetic measurements applied to the suspension element, and - determining the electrical characteristic using the phase measurements applied to the suspension element.
[0009]
9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, during the determination of the electrical characteristic, an indicator electrical current (In) correlated with the net sum of all phases of a multiphase alternating current is measured, in that at least one of the phases of the multiphase alternating current is applied to one of the cables (23) of the suspension element (11).
[0010]
10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the indicator current (In) is measured using a measuring arrangement comprising a measuring device for non-contact measuring an electrical current in an arrangement of conductors, a device which is, for example, one of a current transformer and a Hall-effect current sensor.
[0011]
11. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suspension element (11) has a first and a second group (124a, 124b) of electrically conductive cables (23); wherein the measurement of the characteristic electrical system comprises, - applying a first alternating voltage U1 to a first end (125a) of the first group of cables of the suspension element; - applying a second alternating voltage U2 to a first end (125b) of the second group of cables of the suspension element; wherein the first and second alternating voltages have equal waveforms and a phase difference of 180°; wherein, preferably, the second end of the first group of cables and the second end of the second group of cables are electrically connected via an electrical resistance connection (R5); - determining at least one of (i) a summed voltage U+ correlated with the sum (U3 + U4) of a third voltage U3 between a second end (127a) of the first group of cables and a common electrical potential and a fourth voltage U4 between a second end (127b) of the second group of cables and the common electrical potential; (ii) a differential voltage U- correlated with the difference (U3 - U4) between the third voltage U3 and the fourth voltage U4; - determining the electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11) based on at least one of the summed voltage U+ and the differential voltage U-, preferably based on both the summed voltage U+ and the differential voltage U-, where , preferably, any deviation from a state where the summed voltage U+ has no alternating voltage component U+,AC and the differential voltage U- has an alternating voltage component U-,AC is interpreted as indicative of a characteristic electrical condition referring to a state of critical deterioration in the suspension element.
[0012]
12. Monitoring arrangement (17) to determine the state of deterioration in an arrangement of suspension elements (9) of an elevator (1), the arrangement of suspension elements (9), characterized in that it comprises at least one suspension member (11) containing a plurality of electrically conductive cables (23), wherein the monitoring arrangement is configured to perform the method as defined in any one of the preceding claims.
[0013]
13. Monitoring arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises - a counting device (25) which is configured to count the number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element (11) based on information obtained from an elevator control device (18) to control operation of the elevator (1); - an electrical measuring device (27) which is electrically connected to at least one of the cables (23) of the suspension element (11) ) and which is configured to measure the electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11) during the application of an electrical voltage to at least one of the cables (23); - a determining device (29) which is configured to determine at least one of,- a) a state of critical deterioration of the suspension element (23) while monitoring both the counted number of bending cycles applied to the suspension element ( 11), as well as the determined electrical characteristic of the suspension element (11); and- b) an unexpected state of deterioration of the suspension element (23) based on deriving the actual actual state of deterioration of the suspension element that is based on the determined electrical characteristic, considering the currently expected state of deterioration that is based on the counted number of bending cycles and comparing the actual actual state of deterioration with the currently expected state of deterioration.
[0014]
14. Elevator (1), characterized in that it comprises a monitoring arrangement (17) as defined in any of claims 12 or 13.

类似技术:

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公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

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BR112017023669B1|2022-01-18|METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE DETERIORATION STATUS IN AN ARRANGEMENT OF SUSPENSION ELEMENTS OF AN ELEVATOR, MONITORING ARRANGEMENT AND ELEVATOR

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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HK1245221A1|2018-08-24|

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AU2016302433A1|2018-02-15|

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CA2983976A1|2017-02-09|

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EP3124425B1|2018-04-04|

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EP3328774A1|2018-06-06|

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TR201809407T4|2018-07-23|

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WO2017137282A1|2017-08-17|

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CN109348729B|2021-03-05|

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PL3124425T3|2018-09-28|

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EP3124420B1|2019-03-06|

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CO2018008410A2|2018-08-21|

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EP3329290A1|2018-06-06|

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EP3124425A1|2017-02-01|

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WO2017021265A1|2017-02-09|

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AU2016302433B2|2020-02-06|

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EP3124420A1|2017-02-01|

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WO2017021263A1|2017-02-09|

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CN108603912B|2020-08-25|

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US20190047822A1|2019-02-14|

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CN108602647B|2020-07-07|

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CN107690415B|2019-12-13|

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US20190047823A1|2019-02-14|

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US20180215585A1|2018-08-02|

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CA2983092A1|2017-02-09|

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AU2017217175B2|2019-10-31|

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AU2017217153A1|2018-08-23|

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US20180215584A1|2018-08-02|

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CN108602647A|2018-09-28|

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HK1255079A1|2019-08-02|

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US11078047B2|2021-08-03|

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KR20180038449A|2018-04-16|

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BR112017023669A2|2018-07-17|

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US11014784B2|2021-05-25|

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BR112018015296A2|2018-12-18|

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US9932203B2|2018-04-03|

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CA3013826A1|2017-08-17|

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CA3013830A1|2017-08-17|

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CN109348729A|2019-02-15|

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BR112017023260A2|2018-08-07|

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US20170029249A1|2017-02-02|

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CN107690415A|2018-02-13|

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BR112018016272A2|2018-12-18|

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AU2017217175A1|2018-08-23|

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EP3124986A1|2017-02-01|

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CN108603912A|2018-09-28|

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AU2017217153B2|2020-07-09|

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ES2674274T3|2018-06-28|

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ES2727165T3|2019-10-14|

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EP3124426A1|2017-02-01|

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法律状态:
2020-07-14| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2021-11-09| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2022-01-18| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 28/07/2016, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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